CBD Extracts

What Is a CBD Extract?

A CBD extract is what's left once cannabinoids, terpenes, and other compounds have been pulled out of the hemp plant and separated from the plant matter around them. Producers start with raw hemp biomass and end with a concentrated oil or resin that becomes the working ingredient in finished products. From there, that base extract can be used largely as-is or refined further, depending on the final product. 

How CBD Extracts Are Made

CO2 extraction is the industry's preferred method: pressurised carbon dioxide acts as a solvent, drawing cannabinoids and terpenes out of the plant without leaving chemical residue behind. Older methods, including steam distillation and solvent-based extraction with ethanol or butane, are still used by some producers but tend to be less selective and carry a higher risk of residue in the final product. Once collected, the crude extract typically goes through winterisation, a filtering step that removes waxes and fats before it's formulated into a finished product. 

Full Spectrum, Broad Spectrum, and Isolate Compared

Full spectrum extract keeps the hemp plant's wider compound profile intact, including trace cannabinoids and terpenes alongside CBD, within the legal THC limit. Broad spectrum starts the same way but goes through an additional step to remove THC specifically, so the other compounds remain while THC doesn't. Isolate is the most stripped-back version: a crystalline form that's close to pure CBD, with the other plant compounds filtered out entirely.